Author: Dr. Alka Mishra, Chandrakala
Volume: 01
First Online: 2026
Pages: 70-134
DOI:

This chapter provides a comprehensive overview of cell culture techniques, sterilization methods, laboratory safety, and bioethical practices essential for modern biological and biomedical laboratories. It discusses the basic requirements for cell culture, including culture media preparation, aseptic techniques, maintenance of animal cell cultures, viability testing,
cell harvesting, storage methods, and specialized culture systems such as lymphocyte, stem cell, Entamoeba histolytica, and Caenorhabditis elegans cultures. The chapter also explains various sterilization techniques, including physical methods such as autoclaving, hot air oven sterilization, ultraviolet radiation, filtration, and chemical sterilization using alcohol, formalin,
and chromic acid. The operation and applications of laminar airflow systems and flow cytometry are also introduced. In addition, the chapter emphasizes laboratory bioethics by discussing ethical handling of biological specimens, biosafety principles, biomedical waste management, and regulatory compliance for responsible laboratory practice. The integration of laboratory procedures with ethical standards ensures safe experimentation, reliable research outcomes, and environmental protection. This chapter serves as a practical guide for students and researchers engaged in cell culture, microbiology, biotechnology, pharmaceutical sciences, and biomedical research.