Author: Ms. Shikha Singh
Volume: 01
First Online: 31 August 2024
Pages: 260-271
DOI:

Pharmacogenomics, the study of how genetic variations affect drug responses, plays a critical role in understanding and mitigating adverse drug reactions (ADRs). Genetic polymorphisms in drug-metabolizing enzymes, transporters, and receptors can influence drug efficacy and toxicity, leading to ADRs in certain individuals. By identifying genetic markers associated with these reactions, pharmacogenomics enables personalized medicine, allowing for tailored drug therapy that minimizes risks and enhances treatment outcomes. This field holds promise for predicting ADRs, particularly in populations with known genetic susceptibilities, thus improving drug safety and reducing the incidence of serious, sometimes life-threatening, adverse events. Advances in pharmacogenomics are also contributing to the development of safer drugs by guiding dose adjustments and alternative therapies based on a patient’s genetic profile. As pharmacogenomic testing becomes more accessible, it is expected to become an integral part of routine clinical practice, offering the potential to transform drug safety and therapeutic efficacy on a global scale.