Author: Mr. Abu Tahir
Volume: 01
First Online: 31 August 2024
Pages: 79-86
DOI:

Alpha adrenergic blockers, also known as alpha antagonists, inhibit the action of catecholamines on alpha receptors, leading to vasodilation and decreased blood pressure. These agents are used in various clinical conditions, including hypertension, benign prostatic hyperplasia, and certain vascular diseases. Tolazoline and phentolamine are non-selective alpha blockers that are primarily used for their vasodilatory effects in treating conditions like peripheral vascular disease. Phenoxybenzamine, an irreversible alpha antagonist, is used in managing pheochromocytoma, a tumor of the adrenal gland that causes excessive release of catecholamines. Prazosin, a selective alpha-1 blocker, is commonly prescribed for hypertension and benign prostatic hyperplasia due to its ability to relax vascular smooth muscle and improve urine flow. Dihydroergotamine, derived from ergot alkaloids, has partial alpha-blocking properties and is used in the treatment of migraines and cluster headaches. Methysergide, another ergot derivative, is employed in managing severe headaches due to its complex action on serotonin and alpha receptors. The diverse therapeutic applications of alpha-adrenergic blockers highlight their importance in modern medicine, offering targeted approaches to managing cardiovascular and other related conditions.