Author: Mrs. Neelam Singh
Volume: 01
First Online: 31 August 2024
Pages: 91-100
DOI:

The digestive system’s large intestine, salivary glands, and pancreas play crucial roles in digestion and overall health. The large intestine, consisting of the cecum, colon, rectum, and anal canal, is primarily responsible for absorbing water and electrolytes from indigestible food matter and forming and expelling feces. The colon’s bacteria also synthesize certain vitamins. The salivary glands, including the parotid, submandibular, and sublingual glands, secrete saliva, which begins the process of carbohydrate digestion with the enzyme amylase, lubricates food for easier swallowing, and helps maintain oral hygiene. The pancreas, located behind the stomach, serves both endocrine and exocrine functions. Its exocrine role involves producing digestive enzymes such as lipase, amylase, and proteases, which are secreted into the small intestine to further break down fats, carbohydrates, and proteins. The pancreas also regulates blood sugar levels by releasing insulin and glucagon. Together, these organs ensure the proper breakdown, absorption, and processing of nutrients essential for the body’s energy and maintenance.