The field of organic chemistry has undergone a remarkable evolution since its inception, transforming from the early speculative theories about the nature of organic compounds to a sophisticated science that underpins modern innovations in medicine, materials, and technology. This book, Evolution of Organic Chemistry: Origins to Modern Innovations, aims to provide a comprehensive and insightful journey through the history and development of organic chemistry, highlighting key discoveries, influential scientists, and groundbreaking advancements.From the pioneering work of early chemists who first conceptualized the existence of organic compounds to the revolutionary synthesis of urea by Friedrich Wöhler, which debunked the vitalism theory, this book delves into the foundational milestones that have shaped the field. We explore the establishment of structural theory by Kekulé and Couper, the elucidation of molecular structures through spectroscopy, and the advent of stereochemistry with the contributions of Pasteur and van’t Hoff.The mid-20th century witnessed a surge of progress with the development of new synthetic methodologies, catalysis, and the understanding of reaction mechanisms. These advancements paved the way for the synthesis of complex natural products and pharmaceuticals, driving forward industries and improving human health. As we move into the modern era, we see the integration of organic chemistry with other scientific disciplines, leading to innovations such as organometallic chemistry, polymer chemistry, and the burgeoning field of green chemistry. Our goal is to provide readers with a deeper understanding of how organic chemistry has evolved and continues to evolve, shaping the world around us. We hope this book will inspire a greater appreciation for the complexities and beauties of organic chemistry and encourage further exploration and innovation in this dynamic field.