{"id":7847,"date":"2026-08-05T05:57:00","date_gmt":"2026-08-05T05:57:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/sproutpublication.com\/?p=7847"},"modified":"2026-08-05T05:57:05","modified_gmt":"2026-08-05T05:57:05","slug":"chapter-3-chromatography-and-electrophoresis","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/sproutpublication.com\/index.php\/2026\/08\/05\/chapter-3-chromatography-and-electrophoresis\/","title":{"rendered":"Chapter 3: Chromatography and Electrophoresis"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"fusion-fullwidth fullwidth-box fusion-builder-row-1 fusion-flex-container has-pattern-background has-mask-background nonhundred-percent-fullwidth non-hundred-percent-height-scrolling\" style=\"--awb-border-radius-top-left:0px;--awb-border-radius-top-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-left:0px;--awb-padding-right:20px;--awb-padding-left:20px;--awb-flex-wrap:wrap;\" ><div class=\"fusion-builder-row fusion-row fusion-flex-align-items-flex-start fusion-flex-content-wrap\" style=\"max-width:1248px;margin-left: calc(-4% \/ 2 );margin-right: calc(-4% \/ 2 );\"><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-0 fusion_builder_column_1_1 1_1 fusion-flex-column\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-border-color:var(--awb-color3);--awb-border-style:solid;--awb-width-large:100%;--awb-margin-top-large:0px;--awb-spacing-right-large:1.92%;--awb-margin-bottom-large:20px;--awb-spacing-left-large:1.92%;--awb-width-medium:100%;--awb-order-medium:0;--awb-spacing-right-medium:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-medium:1.92%;--awb-width-small:100%;--awb-order-small:0;--awb-spacing-right-small:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-small:1.92%;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-justify-content-flex-start fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-1\" style=\"--awb-content-alignment:justify;--awb-font-size:16px;\"><p><strong>Author: <\/strong>Dr. Alka Mishra, Chandrakala<br \/>\n<strong>Volume: <\/strong>01<br \/>\n<strong>First Online: <\/strong>2026<br \/>\n<strong>Pages: <\/strong>51-69<br \/>\n<strong>DOI:<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div><div class=\"fusion-title title fusion-title-1 fusion-sep-none fusion-title-text fusion-title-size-two\" style=\"--awb-text-color:var(--awb-color8);--awb-margin-top-small:10px;--awb-margin-right-small:0px;--awb-margin-bottom-small:10px;--awb-margin-left-small:0px;--awb-font-size:20px;\"><h2 class=\"fusion-title-heading title-heading-left\" style=\"font-family:&quot;Roboto&quot;;font-style:normal;font-weight:700;margin:0;font-size:1em;\">Abstract<\/h2><\/div><div class=\"fusion-separator\" style=\"align-self: flex-start;margin-right:auto;margin-bottom:20px;width:100%;max-width:8%;\"><div class=\"fusion-separator-border sep-single sep-solid\" style=\"--awb-height:20px;--awb-amount:20px;--awb-sep-color:var(--awb-custom_color_1);border-color:var(--awb-custom_color_1);border-top-width:3px;\"><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-2\" style=\"--awb-content-alignment:justify;--awb-font-size:16px;--awb-text-font-family:&quot;Roboto&quot;;--awb-text-font-style:normal;--awb-text-font-weight:400;\"><p>This chapter focuses on the fundamental principles and laboratory applications of chromatography and electrophoresis, two essential techniques used for the separation, identification, purification, and characterization of biological molecules. It introduces important chromatographic methods, including paper chromatography, thin-layer chromatography (TLC), and gel filtration chromatography, explaining their working principles, instrumentation, procedures, advantages, limitations, and applications in pharmaceutical, biochemical, and clinical laboratories. The chapter also discusses electrophoretic techniques such as agarose gel electrophoresis, polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE), and twodimensional PAGE (2D-PAGE), emphasizing their role in the separation and analysis of proteins, nucleic acids, enzymes, and other biomolecules. Factors influencing separation efficiency, sample preparation, gel composition, staining methods, and result interpretation are described to provide practical laboratory understanding. The applications of these techniques in molecular biology, biotechnology, clinical diagnosis, forensic science, pharmaceutical quality control, and biomedical research are also highlighted. By combining theoretical concepts with practical laboratory approaches, this chapter enables students to understand modern analytical separation techniques essential for research and diagnostic investigations.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[152],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-7847","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-fundamentals-of-biotechniques-principles-and-applications-in-life-sciences"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/sproutpublication.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7847","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/sproutpublication.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/sproutpublication.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sproutpublication.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sproutpublication.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=7847"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/sproutpublication.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7847\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":7848,"href":"https:\/\/sproutpublication.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7847\/revisions\/7848"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/sproutpublication.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=7847"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sproutpublication.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=7847"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sproutpublication.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=7847"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}