Author: Mr. Abu Tahir
Volume: 01
First Online: 31 August 2024
Pages: 257-275
DOI:

The reproductive system is essential for human reproduction and includes distinct structures and functions in males and females. The male reproductive system comprises organs such as the testes, vas deferens, and penis, which are responsible for producing and delivering sperm. The female reproductive system includes the ovaries, fallopian tubes, uterus, and vagina, with functions centered around egg production, fertilization, and nurturing a developing fetus. Sex hormones, including testosterone in males and estrogen and progesterone in females, play critical roles in regulating reproductive functions, secondary sexual characteristics, and overall reproductive health. In females, the physiology of menstruation involves a complex interplay of hormones that regulate the menstrual cycle, which prepares the body for potential pregnancy each month. Disruptions in these processes can lead to reproductive health issues. Understanding the anatomy, functions, and hormonal regulation of the male and female reproductive systems, along with the menstrual cycle’s physiology, is key to addressing reproductive health and fertility concerns.