Author:Dr Maneesha Saxena
Volume: 01
First Online: 2026
Pages: 45-98
DOI: https://doi.org/10.63785/978-81-685195-3-4/02

Abstract

This chapter focuses on the structure, classification, and biological significance of lipids and nucleic acids, two essential biomolecules involved in cellular organization and heredity. It explains the classification of lipids into simple, compound, and derived lipids, along with the structure and properties of fatty acids, triglycerides, phospholipids, and glycolipids. Their roles in energy storage, membrane formation, insulation, and cell signaling are highlighted. The chapter also introduces nucleic acids by describing the chemical composition and structure of nucleotides, DNA, and RNA. It discusses the different types of RNA and their functions in protein synthesis and gene regulation. Furthermore, the biological importance of lipids and nucleic acids in maintaining cellular integrity, metabolism, and genetic continuity is emphasized, providing a foundation for understanding molecular biology and modern biomedical applications.